Liberty Head Nickel: The 1913 Liberty Head Nickel is not just a rare coin—it’s a piece of American history steeped in mystery and allure. Known as one of the most elusive and valuable coins in the numismatic world, it has captivated collectors and investors alike for over a century. With only five known examples in existence, its rarity and intrigue continue to drive its staggering value.
In this article, we’ll explore the origins, current value, and investment potential of the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel. For anyone considering rare coins as an alternative investment, understanding the significance of this particular nickel is essential.
Quick Facts About the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel
| Feature | Details |
| Production Year | 1913 |
| Known Specimens | Only five coins exist. |
| Current Value Range | $3.1 million to $6.75 million (based on recent sales). |
| Distinctive Features | Designed by Charles E. Barber with Lady Liberty on the obverse and “V” on the reverse. |
| Locations | Two coins in museums, three in private collections. |
The Mysterious History Behind the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel
The journey of the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel begins with a twist. After the Liberty Head nickel design was officially retired in 1912, the U.S. Mint introduced the Buffalo nickel in 1913. However, five Liberty Head nickels were secretly produced at the Philadelphia Mint during the transition.
It’s believed that Samuel W. Brown, a mint employee, orchestrated the unauthorized creation of these coins. Brown later showcased all five nickels at a coin convention in 1920, claiming he had “discovered” them. This public display catapulted the coins into fame, earning them the nickname “The Holy Grail of American Coins.”
The combination of mystery, scarcity, and historical significance ensures the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel remains one of the most coveted collectibles in U.S. history.
Why the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel is So Valuable
1. Scarcity
Rarity is the cornerstone of any collectible’s value, and with only five known specimens, the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel epitomizes scarcity. Each coin is unique, with its own storied provenance and condition.
2. Historical Significance
The clandestine nature of its production adds intrigue. These coins symbolize a remarkable anomaly in the U.S. Mint’s history, making them highly desirable for collectors.
3. Auction Record
The sales history of these nickels consistently sets new benchmarks. The Walton specimen, for instance, sold for $3.1 million in 2013 and $4.2 million in 2022. The Eliasberg specimen, known as the finest example, fetched $4.5 million in 2018 and is now valued at $6.75 million.
A Closer Look at the Five Known Specimens
Each of the five 1913 Liberty Head Nickels has its own name and fascinating story:
- Walton Specimen
- Originally owned by George O. Walton.
- Sold for $4.2 million in 2022.
- Currently held by Ian Russell of GreatCollections.
- Eliasberg Specimen
- Considered the finest of the five coins.
- Last sold for $4.5 million in 2018.
- Estimated value is now $6.75 million.
- Olsen Specimen
- Featured in the TV series Hawaii Five-O.
- Sold in 2021 to a private collector.
- McDermott Specimen
- Displayed at the American Numismatic Association Money Museum.
- Norweb Specimen
- Preserved at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.
Key Factors in Evaluating Rare Coins
If you’re interested in rare coins like the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel, understanding the criteria for evaluation is crucial:
1. Condition (Grade)
A coin’s condition greatly affects its value. The 1913 Liberty Head nickels were struck as proofs and remain in uncirculated condition. Their grading ranges from “good-about-uncirculated” to “gem-uncirculated,” indicating minimal imperfections.
2. Date and Design
The date “1913” and the Lady Liberty design are distinct features. The Roman numeral “V” on the reverse is surrounded by a wreath, while the obverse showcases Lady Liberty’s profile encircled by 13 stars.
3. Authenticity
Given the rarity of the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel, forgeries are common. Verifying a coin’s provenance, or chain of ownership, is critical. Only the five known specimens have authenticated histories.
Investing in Rare Coins: Is It Worth It?
Rare coins can be a lucrative and fascinating investment, but they come with unique challenges. For those dreaming of owning a 1913 Liberty Head Nickel, here are some considerations:
- Start Small: Begin by investing in less expensive rare coins to gain market knowledge.
- Educate Yourself: Learn about coin grading, historical context, and market trends.
- Work with Experts: Partner with reputable numismatists and auction houses to ensure authenticity.
- Diversify Investments: Rare coins should complement, not dominate, your investment portfolio.
While obtaining a 1913 Liberty Head Nickel may be out of reach for most, investing in other rare coins can still be a rewarding venture.
FAQs About the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel
Why is the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel so rare?
The coin was produced without authorization and in an extremely limited quantity. Only five examples were secretly minted at the Philadelphia Mint.
How much is the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel worth?
Depending on the coin’s condition and provenance, its value ranges from $3.1 million to $6.75 million.
Are there counterfeit 1913 Liberty Head Nickels?
Yes, there are fake versions. Authentic examples are limited to the five known specimens, each with a verified provenance.
Where can I see a 1913 Liberty Head Nickel?
Two coins are on display at the American Numismatic Association Money Museum and the Smithsonian Institution. The other three are in private collections.
Can I still find a 1913 Liberty Head Nickel?
No new specimens have been discovered since the 1920s. The known coins are accounted for and unlikely to appear on the market anytime soon.
Final Thoughts
The 1913 Liberty Head Nickel stands as a testament to rarity, mystery, and history in the numismatic world. While owning one may remain a dream for most, its story inspires collectors and investors alike to explore the potential of rare coins. Whether you’re just beginning your collection or are an experienced investor, the allure of such treasures reminds us of the incredible stories coins can tell.
Start your journey by learning about coin grading, exploring local dealers, and investing in accessible rare coins. Share your thoughts below—what’s your dream coin to own?